How To Find Cheap Real Estate

How To Find Cheap Real Estate Fundamental for making money in any endeavor is to buy low and sell high. In a real estate context, this means that you must find property that you can sell for a higher price. While some real estate investors do speculate in markets with rising real estate prices, this is a challenging proposition most often met with failure. For most real estate investors, the road to riches is paved with finding cheap properties, which are purchased and then sold for a higher price. This necessitates the question: where do I go about finding cheap properties to sell?It’s important to first define what cheap means. For each individual investor, cheap is a different absolute dollar figure, far different for say, Donald Trump, then the average public school teacher. The relative definition of cheap for each investor is based on their existing finances (including how much financing they can obtain), their risk profile, their definition of a reasonable return, and their investing goals.Cheap is also defined as property considered undervalued. Valuation is based on a property’s historic and current underlying market price, especially as relative to assessments of the property’s underlying value. These other assessments can come from professional appraisals, comparable market analyses (CMAs), discussions with real estate brokers, and online home valuation tools. A property on the market for $300,000 â€" ten percent less than it is appraisal value may be considered cheap by one investor. But to another, given the estimated costs of the property’s needed repairs, the property may still be expensive. For another investor, who can only obtain $250,000 in financing, $300,000 may be expensive for an investment property.In short, whether a home’s price fits your definition of cheap, or otherwise worth your time and money is ultimately a decision you must make based on your own criteria. However, real estate investors have traditionally found properties they consider undervalued using a few common methods. © Shutterstock.com | Maxx-StudioIn this article, we will cover these methods including, 1) finding fixer-uppers, 2) non-traditional locations, 3) online searches, 4) short sales, 5) foreclosure sales, 6) building your own house, 7) HUD housing, and 8) obtaining a discount through negotiations.FINDING FIXER-UPPERSThe term fixer-upper typically applies to a residential property in need of significant repair before it can be either occupied and/or sold. Often, but not always, fixer-uppers are undervalued, as they are usually sold at a discount relative to neighboring property prices. But one must calculate the cost of repairs in determining a proper valuation.It is critical to get a reliable contractor you trust to look at these kinds of properties, especially if you are not a contractor yourself. Often, getting a contractor’s opinion early can save you multiple headaches down the road. It is important to develop a relationship with a contractor who you can trust not to gouge you, fo r just this kind of assessment. However, once you establish that you are buying multiple properties and therefore the contractor will likely have a steady string of jobs from you, he or she will be more likely to be a reliable voice when you conduct pre-purchase assessments. Use defects in negotiations to help drive the price you pay down.Remember, that in assessing the potential ROI of a fixer-upper you must also estimate the opportunity cost of the property. How much time will you sink into? Could you have spent that time on another, more lucrative investment? For example, if you estimate that a nearby property can be rehabbed and flipped in two months for a seven percent return, all other things held constant, does it make sense to spend three months on a property that will return eight percent? Keep in mind that these are estimates. A good contractor on hand might be able to tell you that the former property has structural deficits that has a fifty-fifty chance of taking either two months or four months or more, whereas the latter will take at most three months, knowledge which will almost certainly influence your final decision.If you plan to flip the property within a couple of months, then a property in extensive need of repairs is probably not for you. Properties requiring light or cosmetic renovations are not considered traditional fixer-uppers. But whether your time-frame is two months or twenty months, make your renovations with an eye towards the market. Look at comparable properties in the neighborhood by attending open houses, searching online, and talking to real estate brokers. Determine what features sold and what buyers are looking for. Make sure that your improvements are in line with those insights. For example, if multiple buyers have expressed a preference for stucco countertops, and several houses featuring them have sold recently, then install stucco countertops. Make sure if your time frame is longer, that your renovations are in line with what you expect to be in demand when you plan to sell. The home improvements that universally increase home value, most experts agree, are kitchen renovations.NON-TRADITIONAL LOCATIONSLook in non-traditional locations. Areas with lots of new developments and rising housing prices are the obvious areas to look. Other investors are looking there and likely driving prices up. Check out locations that are off-the beaten path for cheaper prices, such as surrounding cities. The Midwest and Southeast are good markets for relatively cheap real estate.Areas with large numbers of distressed properties, foreclosures, and fixer-uppers may be an option, although often these areas are marked with other undesirable features, such as crime, blight, and schools underfunded by the area’s low property tax rates. This may depress the price of your property even if you make improvements. You should assess the local government’s efforts to revitalize the area, as well as any developers who plan to build in the area. You should also determine whether there is an influx of residents in the area. Any and all of these are indicators that the area may be headed for an upswing. But make this determination before you make any purchase in this area and be planned with more than one exit strategy.Where is Americas cheapest real estate? ONLINE SEARCHESOne of the first places people begin to look for any products or service they plan to purchase these days is the Internet. It’s no different with real estate. But where to start? Should you just Google cheap real estate and scroll through the results? Or maybe check Craigslist and hope you can find something in your price range?No. Unless you are looking to surf through tens of millions of websites and online ads, you should be strategic in your online searches. Start with web sites of real estate brokers in your target area(s). Check the websites listing short sales and foreclosure sales in your area (see below for more information on both). Also look for online notices of public auctions. Death notices and divorce settlements are other notifications to keep an eye out for. It may seem macabre, but often moves accompany the passing of individuals and the dissolution of marriages. Another place to look is Multiple Listing Services â€" a list of all of the homes listed by local Real Estate Board brokers. Properties that have been on the list for a long-time or have expired unsold, may be those for which the seller may be willing to accept a lower price. You can also place online ads listing your criteria as an investor and may receive calls from brokers and/or sellers with listed properties that meet them.Any online search should be complemented by an in-person visit. No matter how extensive an online tour of the property is, it cannot compensate for the details you will observe when you are actually inside the property. Moreover, have a contractor and/or engineer attend with you to ask the questions you may not .SHORT SALESShort sales are sales wherein the property in question has liens levied against it totaling an amount that the sale of the property will not satisfy. Such a purchase requires a careful analysis of whether the costs are offset by eventual profit (through either rental income or sale of the property at a premium). However, many short sale properties present a solid opportunity for real estate investors. Despite the connotations of a short sale, these properties do not always require improvements. However, these houses should be inspected as thoroughly as fixer-uppers to ensure there are no hidden issues.You can find short sales through realtors, and MLS listings, though most will not be readily identifiable as such. You will need to look for listings that include terms such as: Subject to bank approval Preforeclosure Notice of Default Give the bank time to respond Preapproved by bank Headed for auctionThe Secret to Short Sales and Foreclosures FORECLOSURE SALESForeclosure sales usually are initiated when the homeowner fails to make three or more mortgage payments to the holder of the mortgage note, usually a commercial or community bank. Foreclosure sales are often in need of repair, as the homeowner who was unable to make mortgage payments, more than likely could not afford maintenance and upkeep. Foreclosure sales are done through a bank, rather than a broker or a seller, which means that not only can the process be impersonal, there can also be a lack of disclosure about the condition of the property. The bank is less concerned with marketing and relationship building than removing an asset from its books. Therefore, careful inspections, by professional home inspectors, are necessary.You can often find foreclosed properties by talking to realtors who may know of properties before they are listed through their relationships with banks and other lenders. Checking local real estate web sites and filtering by REO, which stands for Real Estate Owned (o r owned by a bank), is another good way to find foreclosed properties. To find cheap foreclosed properties, look for REOs that have received no recent offers or activity. You can also check your newspaper to find legal notices of foreclosure auctions.BUILD YOUR OWN HOUSEBuilding your own home is another way to obtain cheap property, particularly if you build in an area with rising or high neighboring real estate properties. It can also be a spectacularly stressful endeavor, requiring more time and money than you initially plan, particularly if you do not have a plan, prior experience dealing with contractors, and/or appropriate capital on hand. You will need to consider, among other things:Building materials;Location and quality of grocery stores, entertainment, schools and transportation;Local homeowners rules concerning new construction;Landscaping;Connecting your home to city municipal services such as the water and sewage systemsAvailability of cable and Internet services;Qualit y, history and costs of the builder;Passing (multiple) home inspections;Insurance; andSo much more.A starting point is determining what kind of home you want to build, in as much detail as possible. Then, just as critical, is where you want to build it. If you are building with an eye toward flipping the property, it may be easier to design the property, as you will be looking to build something in line with comparables (comps) that have recently sold. If you are looking to own, rent or, especially reside in, any part of the property you build, it may be harder to separate your vision for the property from what makes the most sense financially. But if you are a real estate entrepreneur, the property you build should be driven by your financial goals, and therefore, should be built as affordably and quickly as possible.HUD HOUSINGAnother source of cheap or undervalued housing is HUD. HUD stands for Housing and Urban Development and is a Department of the executive branch of the U.S. federal government. HUD oversees the FHA (the Federal Housing Authority), a subdivision that insures mortgages for single-family homes, and multi-family properties. When a homeowner defaults on an FHA-insured mortgage, HUD forecloses on the property, and holds a sale of the property to those who will be living in the property as their primary residence. Any properties that fail to sell during this period are offered for sale to investors at auction. These properties are typically considered undervalued because HUD discounts the price by the cost of repairs needed to make the property viable, often inadvertently using cost estimates favorable to investors.HUD housing, available for sale from a variety of government agencies such as the Department of Veterans Affairs, can be found online on their website. Before investing in one of these properties, make sure you get a proper inspection and estimates of needed repairs. These are, after all, foreclosures, and may be in need of substant ial repair. Also, if you plan to flip the HUD property, look at the market prices for comps that have recently sold. Many, but not all, HUD properties are located in distressed real estate markets. Nonetheless, you may be able to find some bargains here.NEGOTIATIONSOne way to pay less for the property you desire is through negotiations. Many negotiating tactics translate well to real estate, such as:Letting the other party make the first offer â€" allowing you to keep hidden your price ceiling and floor;Staying silent when the other party is talking â€" letting the seller reveal insights you can use as leverage;Learning why the seller is selling;Push for further concessions â€" which subtlety encourages the other party to stop pushing as hard;Do not be unnecessarily friendly or familiar â€" which can project weakness;Be okay with potentially losing the deal â€" which helps you avoid making fear-based decisions.Of these one of the most important is the seller’s motivation for selli ng, which may give you leverage. For example, a seller who has recently purchased a retirement home out-of-state, may be in a rush to sell and willing to part with the property than advertised.Further, a proper inspection by your appraiser and contractors may illuminate unadvertised deficiencies that you may use as leverage to get the seller to lower the price. In general, the more information you have about the transaction, the more leverage you will have and the better you will fare. Many a successful real estate entrepreneur, from Donald Trump to Barbara Corcoran, has found a cheap property through effective negotiation.

Australian Poet Judith Wright and How Her Poems Portray...

It is stated that ‘We maintain and reproduce our cultural identity through what we read and write. Many great Australian poets show the culture that Australia has through the strong imagery and emotive language portrayed in their poetry. Judith write is a famous Australian poet who wrote many poems that portrayed Australias Cultural Identity. Her poems ‘The Wonga Vine, Jet Flight Over Derby, A Country Town and Two Dreamtimes strongly reflect the landscape, environment, history, beliefs and social issues that Australia, had during the times that Judith Wright lived through. Her poetry also reflects the modern cultural identity that Australia has now. Judith Wright was born in 1915 into a pioneering bush family. She grew up in†¦show more content†¦Another poem that incorporates the reds are ‘Wonga Vine and ‘Two Dreamtimes. Judith Wright was a believer in the conservation of the environment and these ideas come through strongly through the emotive language that she uses. The persona criticise the way the land has being treated. And therefore, when land dies? Opened by whips of greed These plains lie torn and scarred Then I erode; my blood Reddens the stream in flood. The persona also expresses their anger towards people and how they are destroying the earth, and that the land will all ways be ruined. I cross this ravelled shore And sigh: theres man no more Only rage, a fear, Smokes up to darken air Destroy the earth! Destroy. There shall be no more joy. The identity that Judith Wright is showing is that Australia is a place with a rich landscape that is slowly being destroyed. This poem shows the strong feelings that people should have for the environment and how we should all protect it. Judith Wright the poem Two Dreamtimes for Kath Walker a well-known aboriginal poet. The main theme in this poem is the relationship between aboriginals and non-aboriginals. In the poem Judith writes her thanks to the often-underprivileged aboriginal stories and beliefs. I dont know how to thank you / for your dreamtime stories of joy and grief. Judith gives the aboriginal people a voice and she acknowledges the ignorance that society can have about the marginalisation of

When and Where Do Wildfires Occur

Wildfire refers to any accidental or unplanned fire consuming plant materials, and they are a fact of life in any place on earth where climates are moist enough to allow the growth of trees and shrubs and where there are also extended dry, hot periods that make plant material susceptible to catching ablaze. There are many subcategories that fall under the general definition of a wildfire, including  brush fires,  bush fires,  desert fires,  forest fires,  grass fires,  hill fires,  peat fires,  vegetation fires, or  veld fires. The presence of charcoal in fossil records show that wildfires have been present on earth virtually since plant life began.  Many wildfires are caused by lightning strikes, and many more are caused accidentally by human activity. The most noted areas on Earth for wildfire include the vegetated areas of Australia, Western Cape of South Africa and throughout the dry forests and grasslands of North America and Europe. Wildfires in forests and grasslands in North America are particularly prevalent in the summer, fall and winter, especially during dry periods with an increase in dead fuels and high winds. Such periods are, in fact, called the wildfire season by fire control experts. Danger to Humans Wildfires  are especially dangerous today, as rising earth temperatures combine with urban expansion into wooded areas creates the potential for tragedy. In the U.S., for example, residential development has increasingly pushed into fringe suburban or rural zones that are surrounded or integrated with woodlands or grassland hills and prairies. A wildfire started by lightning or other causes no longer will simply burn a segment of forest or prairie, but may well also take dozens or hundreds of homes along with it. Western U.S. fires tend to be more dramatic during summer and fall while Southern fires are hardest to fight in late winter and early spring when fallen branches, leaves, and other material dry out and become highly flammable. Because of urban creep into existing forests, forest fires can often lead to property damage and have the potential to cause human injury and death. The term wildland-urban interface refers to the growing zone of transition between developing areas and undeveloped wildlands. It makes fire protection a major concern for state and federal governments. Changing Wildfire Control Strategies Human strategies for controlling wildfires have varied over recent decades, ranging from a suppress at all costs approach to a allow all wildfires to burn themselves out strategy. At one time, human fear and aversion to fires caused professional fire control experts to make every effort to prevent fires and eliminate them immediately where they did occur. However, harsh lessons quickly taught that this approach caused a catastrophic build-up of brush, dense forests and dead vegetation that became the fuel for disastrously large fires when fires inevitably did occur. In Yellowstone National Park, for example, decades of attempting to prevent and quell all wildfires led to the inferno of 1988, when more than a third of the park was consumed by fire after many years of prevention caused a catastrophic buildup of dry tinder in the forests. This and other such instances cause the U.S. Forestry Service and other fire control agencies to radically rethink their strategies shortly thereafter. The days when the iconic symbol of the Forestry Service, Smokey the Bear, painted an apocalyptic picture of forest fires are now gone. Science now understands that fires are essential to the planetary ecosystem and that periodic cleansing of the forests through fires rejuvenates the landscape and is even essential for some tree species to reproduce themselves. Evidence of this can be seen by visiting Yellowstone National Park, where fresh new grasslands have made animal populations more robust than ever, nearly 30 years after the devastating fires of 1988. Today, wildfire control efforts are aimed less at preventing fires than controlling the way they burn and reducing the build-up of vegetation that provides the fuel that can cause fires to  burn out of control. When woods or grasslands catch fire, they are now often allowed to burn themselves out under supervision, except in instances where they threaten homes and businesses. Controlled fires are even used deliberately to reduce fuel and prevent future holocausts. These are controversial measures, however, and many people still argue, despite the evidence, that wildfires should be prevented at all costs. The Practice of Fire Science Millions of dollars are spent annually  on fire protection and training firefighters in the United States. An endless list of subjects on how wildfire behaves is collectively called fire science. It is an ever-changing and controversial area of study that has important ramifications for both landscape ecosystems and human communities. A good deal of attention is now being paid to how residents in susceptible zones can minimize their risks through altering residential construction methods and changing the way they landscape their properties to provide fire-safe zones around their homes. Wildfires are an unavoidable fact of life on a planet where plant life thrives, and they are most likely to occur wherever plant life and climate conditions join to form a situation where dry, combustible plant materials are present in large quantities. Some regions of the earth are more prone to the conditions for wildfire, but human practices also have a notable impact on where wildfires occur and how big those fires will be. Wildfires  become most dangerous to humans in locations where the wildland-urban interface is most pronounced.

Tucker Free Essays

Tucker: the man and his dream Preston Tucker is a man persists in doing what he believes is right even thousands of barriers appear. The movie narrates the story of Preston Tucker who Invents and manufactures the "car of the future", " Tucker Torpedo". This car features rear engine, disc brake, windshield, seat belt and other unique parts that existing cars don’t Include. We will write a custom essay sample on Tucker or any similar topic only for you Order Now Since the car Is Innovative, the demand Is beyond the imagination of current market. The more popular the car is, the severer the challenge Trucker has to face. The government starts to play role of interrupter. At the stage of design, the government of Detroit refuses to supply clay and steels which both of them are the main materials to manufacture cars. Even the Senator refuses to talk with Tucker and warns him if he continues, the government would cut off all resources. The board of director of Tucker Company also doubts his ability of manufacturing the car and allocation of money, so they take the whole control of the company and modify the design of the car while Tucker Is on a publicity campaign. The board of director believes that front engine Is more feasible and elimination of seat belt Is more persuasive for customers, since seat belts represent unsafe cars at that time. The price of the car Is also doubled due to the scarcity of steels. Tucker finally realizes the difficulties he is facing and decided to produce his own Tucker separately. The engine he used is transformed from the old engine of helicopter from a aircraft company. On the day of testing, the car is being drove for 24 hours non stop, and it could even function properly after a serious accident. While everyone is elaborating the success. Undercover agent has already reported to the Senator, Homer Ferguson. The Big Three feel threatened and envy the success of Tucker. In order to prevent Tucker, the Big Three make an alliance with the government, and the Senator discloses fake Information about Tucker’s involvement of stock fraud to Yellow Journalism. Yellow Journalism starts to report that the car is manufactured by reforming the old parts and it has no qualification to sell. On the court, the Senator even falsified the account and accused Tucker spend the money for personal use. †¦ But If big business closes the door on the little guy with a new Idea, we’re not only closing the door on progress, but we’re sabotaging everything that we fought for Everything that the country stands for† And one day we’re going to find ourselves at the bottom of the heap instead of king of the hill, having no idea of how we got there, buying our radios an d our cars from our former enemies. † As Tucker points out on the court, the government abuses its power to put down the development of small business. As the founder of Tucker Company, Preston Tucker builds his own team to tart from sketching to finally putting dreams into reality. A leader should know how to allocate his subordinates into the right positions. Tucker as a leader understands how to take charge In operations and involve people Into projects to achieve the goal that he expects. Tucker hires a young designer, Alex Trembles, to design and a financier, Abe Karate, to arrange financial support. However, he does not empower his subordinates, but rather to solve the question by himself. He always tries to find out potential solutions if any problems appear. For example, he finds engine from a advantage of his reputation to attract attentions of public while on the publicity campaign and also record the advertisement to promote his car. While he explains the concept of the car, he says, â€Å"tell me why, gentlemen, has the Big Three in Detroit been allowed to make billions of dollars without spending one dime on safety. What I know, what you know, what the public knows is that they don’t give a damn about people. All they care about is profits. He knows clearly what his responsibility is as a ar manufacturer which is to produce a car that could protect the safety of passengers not Just making profit. It is important for a leader to create positive attitude and motivates his colleagues to take action. While Abe Karate, his financier, knows Tucker is slandered by the Senator into stock fraud, Abe Karate asks to leave the company due to his conviction of stock fraud in the past. Tucker understands that Abe is worried that his past would bring negative effect on Tucker, so he tries to retain and comforts Abe. However, Tucker is not a leader without any weakness. There is one scene in the movie shows that a mechanic almost stuck his head under the car. Tucker does not concern the safety of the mechanic at first, but instead he gets angry about the process of assembling. Also, he is idealized the market without considering the risk and potential obstacles. When he is still at the designing stage of the car, he starts to promote it at the magazine without any successful production. Although he proves himself by showing 51 Tucker Torpedoes in front of the court, Tucker still needs to value risk as an important factor while making decisions. All incidents that Preston Tucker experienced has reflected his characteristic of being a leader. He is also a decision maker, a problem solver and a practitioner. Tucker challenges authority and points out the weakness of existing car, for he values the safety of customers rather than making profit. Tucker has successfully involved his teammates by allocating them into right positions. As a leader, he is willing to take uncertain actions and turn his imagination into reality. It is a necessity for a leader to have positive attitude toward everything he believes in and motivate his fellows to take actions. How to cite Tucker, Papers

Overview of the Synoptic Problem Essay Example For Students

Overview of the Synoptic Problem Essay Should one fully read the opening four Gospels of the New Testament, he or she can find many similar patterns of literature and themes affording much attention to detail and study. This is what someone such as Merriam Webster would define as the Synoptic Gospels.So, what are and how can we explain the differences and similarities among synoptic authors Matthew, Mark, Luke, and the gospel, John? Which Book was written first? To what extent did the Evangelists depend on oral tradition, written sources, or each other? The phenomenon and mystery of these similar but unique Synoptic Gospels has for centuries challenged some of the best minds of academia and the church, stirring up much scholarly controversy; baffling many New Testament Survey students. To completely understand the similarities and differences between these Synoptic Gospels we must first be acquainted with the authors of them; we ought to discern the background of their life, academic qualifications, experiences, literature styles, and occupations. We must also ask the questions: Who? What? When? Where? Why? How?The first very important question Id like to pose is: Who? Who were these authors that challenged our hearts and minds and taught us Jesus life, ministries, and importance?The foremost book of the New Testament is Matthew. It was written by the author, Matthew, to illustrate clearly that the King has arrived. Matthew, a Jew, was very literate. He was a despised tax collector who later changed his life and lived completely for Jesus and became one of His twelve disciples. Matthew directed this Gospel to his fellow Jews c.60-65 A.D. to prove that Jesus is the Messiah and to explain Gods kingdom that He holds in store for all of man. The Jews waited for a leader who had been promised centuries before by prophets. They believed that this leader-the Messiah (anointed one)-would rescue them from their Roman oppressors and establish a new kingdom. As their king, he would rule the world with justice. However, many Jews overlooked prophecies that also spoke of this king as a suffering servant who would be rejected and killed. It is no wonder, then, that few recognized Jesus as the Messiah. How could this humble carpenters son from Nazareth be their king, they thought.But Jesus was the King of all the earth, and it was Matthew (Levi) who took it upon himself (but not alone) to spread the word. Matthew used about 1475 words, 137 of which are words used by him alone of all the New Testament writers. Of these latter 76 are classical; 15 were introduced for the first time by Matthew, or at least he was the first writer in whom they were discovered; 8 words were employed for the first time by Matthew and Mark, and 15 others by Matthew and another New Testament writer. It is probable that, at the time of the Evangelist, all these words were in current use. Matthews Gospel contains many peculiar expressions that help to give decided colour to his style. Thus, he employs thirty-four times the expression basileia ton ouranon; this is never found in Mark and Luke, who, in parallel passages, replace it by basileia tou thou, which also occurs four times in Matthew. Matthew begins his account by giving Jesus genealogy. He then tells of Jesus birth and early years, including the escape to Egypt from the murderous Herod and their return to Nazareth. As you read this Gospel, Matthews mess age sounds clearly: Jesus is the Christ, the King of kings and Lord of lords. The message of Mark was written c.55-65 A.D. and was probably the first Gospel to be written. It was printed to encourage Roman Christians to live closer and steadier to God and to prove beyond a doubt that Jesus is Messiah. He sought to reveal the true person, work, and teachings of Jesus Christ. Mark presents a rapid succession of vivid pictures of Jesus in action-His true identity revealed by what He does, not necessarily by what He says. It is Jesus on the move. Omitting the birth of Jesus, Mark begins with John the Baptists preaching. Then, moves quickly Jesus baptism, temptation in the desert, and call of the disciples. Mark takes us directly into Jesus public ministry. Events moved rapidly toward a climax. The Last Supper, the betrayal, the crucifixion, and the resurrection are dramatically portrayed, along with more examples of Jesus teachings. Through Marks unique style of writing, we view Jesus-m oving, serving, sacrificing, and saving. Character Analysis-Tell Tale Heart EssaySome people question, however, if there is even a synoptic problem at all. It has recently been asked in the title of a provocative and controversial book by Eta Linnemann, (1992), who faults many textbooks for assuming that the interrelationship among the synoptic gospels is documentary rather than oral before establishing that proposition. These are questions that may never be completely answered by humans in the flesh, but later on in Heaven. The words written in the Bible must be dissected carefully, however, so that we may get a better understanding of the meaning of their writings. Such as your example you so used in class about the bank and how it may be interpreted many ways, so are the Words of God. Yet, scholars and literates may not always be correct. Thats why God leaves it to us to determine the meaning of the Bible. Amen, and God bless you. Bibliography:Wenham 1992 John Wenham, Redating Matthew, Mark Luke: A Fresh Assault on the Synoptic Problem (Downers Grove, Ill.: Intervarsity, 1992). Robertson 1992A.T. Robertson, M.A., D.D., LL.D., LITT.D, A Harmony of the Gospels for Students of the Life of Christ (Harper Row, Publishers, Incorporated, 1992)Stevens and Burton 1932William Arnold Stevens and Ernest De Witt Burton, A Harmony of the Gospels for Historical Study (Charles Scribners Sons, New York, 1932)Stonehouse 1963Ned B. Stonehouse, Origins of the Synoptic Gospels, (William B. EerdmansPublishing Company, Grand Rapids, Michigan, 1963)Heim 1947Ralph D. Heim, A Harmony of the Gospels for Students (Fortress Press, Philadelphia, 1947)Linnemann 1992, ET 1992 Eta Linnemann, English trans. by Robert W. Yarbrough, Is There a Synoptic Problem: Rethinking the Literary Dependence of the First Three Gospels (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Books, 1992). Appleton 1910Robert Appleton, The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume IX (Robert Applet onCompany, 1910)Koester 1990 Helmut Koester, Ancient Christian Gospels: Their History and Development (Philadelphia: Trinity Press Intl, 1990). Farmer 1994 William R. Farmer, The Gospel of Jesus: The Pastoral Relevance of the Synoptic Problem (Louisville, Ky.: Westminster/John Knox, 1994).

Othello - Character Analysis Essays - Othello,

Othello - Character Analysis In the play Othello, the character of Othello has certain traits which make him seem naive and unsophisticated compared to many other people. This is why Iago, to get his just rewards uses him as a scapegoat. Iago told Roderigo, " O,sir, content you. I follow him [Othello] to serve my turn upon him "(I, i lines 38-9). Iago is saying, he only follows Othello to a point, and upon reaching it he will not follow him any longer. Iago has opened my eyes to see the real meaning of deceit. No matter what, Iago will try to take advantage of Othello any time and he will be easily lead to believe the lies of Iago. The Moor, as many Venetians call him, is of strong character. He is very proud and in control of every move throughout the play. The control is not only of power but of the sense of his being who he is, a great warrior. In Act I, Othello has a scuffle with Brabantio, who has come to kill him, but before anything could happen Othello said, "Hold your hands, both of you of my inclining and the rest. Were it my cue to fight, I should have known it without a prompter" (I, ii, lines 80-3). The power shown here is quite astounding. The nature of Othello's character is of a dark man. A dark man, not only because he is black, but also because his whole person is very mysterious. He is mysterious in that he believes there is magic brewing everywhere. With this dark side he is also very outgoing, and not very bright. He isn't observant and the schemes of Iago work well on him. Though he doesn't reflect too much on his past, except occasional ventures of wars fought, he does let his emotions run his life. For all the dangers and encounters he has been involved in, this man is still naive of the corruptness of other individuals. Othello has a trusting nature in which he gives it all. He put all his trust in Iago during times of war and during Othello's marriage to Desdemona. This wasn't very bright of Othello, even if he wasn't trusting or more corrupt he still wouldn't realize Iago was lying. Everyone considered Iago as honest, and would be out of character for Othello to believe any different. For example, Othello had told the Duke, "So please your grace, my ancient; A man he is of honesty and trust. To his conveyance I assign my wife, With what else needful your good grace shall think, To be sent after me" (I, iii, lines 284-8). The control over any situation is one Othello's strong characteristics. Through the whole first act you can picture a man so much power and natural leadership and when he changes you cannot believe it. For example, when Lodovico had witnessed Othello hit Desdemona, he said: "Is this the noble Moor whom our full Senate Call all in all sufficient? Is this the nature Whom passion could not shake? whose solid virtue The shot of accident nor dart of chance could neither graze nor pierce" (IV, i, lines 264-8)? While Iago, being the honest man he is, answers: "He's that he is, I may not breathe my censure. What he might be (if, what he might, he is not) I would to heaven he were" (IV, i, lines 270-2). Another place where Shakespeare shows Othello taking control over a situation is when Cassio and Montano are fighting after Roderigo antagonized him. These words Othello said are important now, but they will be more important later when he is alone with Desdemona in their bedroom. He will say: "Now, by heaven, My blood begins my safer guides to rule, And passion, having my best judgement collied, Assays to lead the way. If I once stir Or do but lift this arm, the best of you Shall sink in my rebuke" (II, iii, lines 203-8). You must feel sorrow for Othello because with all the power he has and the endless trust he gives, you try to reach out and show him the truth. By having his ancient or friend, Honest Iago bring

New Zealand and the Privy Council to the Supreme Court essays

New Zealand and the Privy Council to the Supreme Court essays New Zealand's government's decision to replace "Her Majesty's Most Honorable Privy Council", commonly known as the Privy Council with a Supreme Court of New Zealand (NZ) in 2003 was a controversial but an expected constitutional change. The bill passed its third reading in Parliament with a majority of 10, with strong opposition against, and was not all motivated by interparty politics. This change ended more than 160 years of appeals to the Privy Council. The decision was controversial because the Government pushed through the Supreme Court Act with a large amount of opposition, especially from the legal and business professions. There were serious concerns this was being forced upon a reluctant public and a referendum was required for such a major constitutional change. Other arguments included: would a Supreme court increase New Zealander's access to justice, is there any evidence a change was necessary, who and how would Judges be selected and how they would remain politically neutral, creating a Supreme court would be a great expense to NZ and there were fears Maori would be disadvantage by the change. However, the change was inevitable as all major Commonwealth countries had already abolished the Privy Council and there were suggestions that the United Kingdom (UK) may replace the Privacy Council with a United Kingdom Supreme Court. The details of this chang e are unknown, and it was uncertain when or how this change would affect NZ. This essay will outline the concerns and effects of abolishing the right to appeal to the Privy Council and replacing it with the Supreme Court; it will also give a brief outline of the significance the Privy Council has in NZ today. First of all, the Privy Council still holds a significance role in our society today as if proceedings have already begun to be heard by the Privy Council judged they remain eligible for a Privy Council even thought NZ has a fully operational Supreme Court, rulings ...